Group work 1

Report on the Work Set 1

(Search, Discussion and Conclusion)

Directed by Students of the Master Program

in C&I and MEF : Group 1

Chatcharin CHINTHAM 5614653325

Jutatip LUECHAI 5614653309

Kwanrut LEELASETTAKUL 5614653287

Pawirat PROMPES 5614653341

Phattareeya SUKPRASERT 5614653333

Presented to

Dr.Nopphawan CHIMROYLARP

This report is part of the course project 01162531

"ICT in Education and Curriculum Development"

TOPIC1: Web–Based Instruction/Learning (WBT - WBL)

Questions:

Q1 What are their meanings, how are they different from CAI – CAL
(Computer Assisted Instruction/Learning) ?

Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is a program of instructional material presented by means of a computer or computer systems. For instance, classes offered online would have computer assisted instruction. 

Computer-Assisted Instruction

 The first is called computer-assisted instruction and can be described as learning through computers. In CAI, instructional sequences and questions must first be preprogrammed and then students use the preprogrammed instructional material in an interactive fashion. Examples of typical CAI sequences are drill and practice, gaming, simulation, Socratic questioning, testing and tutorial instruction. In CAI emphasis is placed upon having students learn new concepts or in reinforcing previously learned concepts. Unfortunately, because it takes many hours to develop even one hour of CAI, the cost of producing CAI programs can be expensive. 

Computer-assisted learning (CAL) is to convey a vast amount of information in a very short period of time. It is a powerful method of reinforcing concepts and topics first introduced to you through your textbook, and discussion in the classroom. Computer-assessed learning enables you in a powerful way to comprehend complex concepts. 

CAI is a program of instructor and CAL is a program of learner that is the difference of them. 

Q2 what are the benefits of WBI – WBL?

The Benefits of media WBI or Web Base Instruction. 

1. Promote for learning more effectively. 

2. Reduce a limit of the learners. 

3. Learners can control their learning needs.

 4. Generate interest and enthusiasm of learning. 

5. Reduce the cost of the learning activities 

The Benefits of Web Base Learning. 

Help to solve the problem about the present study such as the shortage of teacher who is accepted and effective. Moreover, it can create a learning content standard and give a chance about the education for people who are disadvantaged educational. Including learning needs (Informal Learning) and lifelong Learning. 

Q3 How to design and develop the WBI – WBL?

The way to design the WBI mainly include 3 major parts: 

1. The structure of WBI 

The WBI should be combined with various parts such as the information about the course objective, learning content, the profile of instructor, the chat room, the bulletin board and vital information about learning. The menu about many activities, homework, the evaluation and the exercise are also key elements as learners will be able to develop themselves independently. There should be menu for web links so that learner can search involved and new information. 

2. Designing about the management of teaching/ learning in WBI 

The facilitator will be required to plan the content, define the course objective, do the way to evaluate and manage the course in accordance to guideline. He/she will be responsible for creating the motivation to the learner, welcome and collaboration environment for example, and identifying the media each topic appropriately with the activity. For the learner, they should be prepared by inform the content, the objective and the method of learning in order to familiarize with the using tool before the course begin. 

3. Developing WBI 

The instructor and the learner should be supported to contact each other always since the instructor can help when the learner can’t understand. Furthermore, the learner can exchange the opinion with the instructor to develop the learning and teaching activity. Creating collaboration among learner is also important because they can help each other solve problem about learning and accept other idea to find the best way. For the instructor, he/she should help the learner by reflecting to the learner’s skills immediately and adapting to the way correct.

How to design and develop WBL?

A general rule for designing and developing WBL requires a clear and consistent navigational structure, such as user guide, with friendly user interface which will assist the learners who are less experienced. Each function should be designed according to internet's properties to create the learning environment without any boundaries. WBL should be designed differently depending on the course content or environment. To be user friendly, accessible and affordable are also the key elements so that the learners can develop themself effectively. Each WBL should define their objectives and manage the information in proper order. There should be, for example, course content, learning aid, evaluation, resources and web links' menu in which learners can access to find the definition and involved contents. Any information in WBL should be written with simple language to make it easier for learners to understand and be able to read them to the end. In order to interchanging opinions among learners, email and web board are also considerable on account of creating an opportunity for learners to experience things and discuss with each other. 

Q4 what conclusions can you make after exploring the site called “Web-Based Instruction”?

For the site “Web-Based Instruction ", we can obviously see the phrases that can make you understand more about WBI.” WBI or Web-Based Instruction is teaching and learning supported by the attributes and resources of the Internet."” Computers and Internet are not learning tools. They are an integral part of today's learning environment. ", “Computers don't teach students, teachers teach students. ". From the couple phrases, you can say that WBI is the new way to study from now on, it can update new thing and address the acknowledge to everyone who can access the Internet. But it doesn't mean that teacher is not a part of classroom, teachers are still the important part of school. 

Q5 what conclusions can you make on this site called “So you Want to develop WBI”?

For the site “So you want to develop WBI ", there are many useful suggestion that can help you to make the WBI or Web-based instruction better. Also you can find the way and new idea to improve your WBI. By presenting the 6 important titles: HTML, JAVASCRIPT, DESIGN, GRAPHICS, EXAMPLES, SOFTWARE. Each title show you their meanings, tips and advises, example: how to create a good WBI that reader or student can clearly look through and understand what you want to present: you should avoid using the black background and put less graphics, like they said "Less is more". It's very helpful for teacher or whoever would like to make a perfect WBI by concerning about the 6 important titles. 

TOPIC 2: e-Learning/ m-Learning/ u-Learning

 Questions:

Q1 what is the meaning of e-Learning and e-Learning 2.0?

In the present, the world is changing rapidly. It resulted to the evolution that is changed as well. Particular technology that is used more in everyday life. Including education, E-learning was one of the technologies to be used in education. 

E-learning refers to the use of technology in learning, teaching and education by the use of electronic media and information and communication.

E-learning includes many types of media that deliver text, audio, images, animation, and streaming video, and includes technology applications and processes such as audio or video tape, satellite TV, CD-ROM, and computer-based learning, as well as local intranet/extranet and web-based learning. 

E-learning can occur in or out of the classroom. It can be self-paced, asynchronous learning or may be instructor-led, synchronous learning. E-learning is suited to distance learning and flexible learning. 

Summary: 

E-learning: 
- Correspondence communication. 

- One-way broadcasting communication. 

- Two-way Internet Technology. 

E-Learning 2.0 is a type of computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) system that developed with the emergence of Web 2.0. From an e-learning 2.0 perspective, conventional e-learning systems were based on instructional packets, which were delivered to students using assignments that were evaluated by the teacher. In contrast, the new e-learning places increased emphasis on social learning and use of social software such as blogs, wikis, podcasts and virtual worlds such as Second Life. E-learning2.0 will construct the social. The learning takes place through conversations about content and grounded interaction about problems and actions. The advocates of social learning claim that one of the best ways to learn something is to teach it to others. 

Q2 what conclusions can you make for U-Learning and m-Learning?

M-Learning or Mobile Learning: 

A method to learn via mobile phone or using portable computing devices (such as laptops, tablet PCs, PDAs, and smart phones) with wireless networks enables mobility and mobile learning, allowing teaching and learning to extend to spaces beyond the traditional classroom. Within the classroom, mobile learning gives instructors and learners increased flexibility and new opportunities for interaction. Mobile technologies support learning experiences that are collaborative, accessible, and integrated with the world beyond the classroom. 

M-Learning: 

- Handheld Device and Mobile [Phone] Technology

- Palm,PDA,UMPC [Ultra Mobile Personal Computer],Laptop or notebook 

- Mobile Phones 

- IPod, MP3, MP4 

U-Learning or Ubiquitous Learning 

U-Learning [Ubiquitous Learning] refers to learning that occurs around us by virtue of the built environment to access learning independent. So, U-Learning can happen anywhere, anytime and anywhere access to learning tools. Not limited to access from desktop. It includes other tools, such as laptops, UMPC (Ultra Mobile PC) PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) or even cell types so that they are connected to a computer network. 

U-Learning: 

- U-City 

- Ubiquitous Technology 

- Convergence of diverse tools: fixed-mobile, wire-wireless, and communications-broadcasting technologies 

Q3 what did you get from exploring this site “Ubiquitous learning environment:” Disruptive and Transformative Education: Designing learning in the digital age”? 

The things that get from exploring this site “Ubiquitous learning environment:” Disruptive and Transformative Education: Designing learning in the digital age. 

Frist, Ubiquitous learning environment or U-Learning is various learning and use more contexts or the various learning material such as videos, audios, or PowerPoint presentations that the learner can take advantage of this. It will make the learner to deep in the procession of learning too. 

Second, ubiquitous learning environment is the situation that can find in everyplace to learn and allow the classroom to change to non-traditional context that the teacher can pay attention to every student and every student can learn from the different location that will give the place of happiness between the student and the teacher too. 

Third, Ubiquitous learning environment let the learner to become the lifelong learner from teaching ESL/EFL (English as a Second Language and English as a Foreign Language). Ubiquitous learning environment allow the learner have to learn the new technologies that are important for real life. And Ubiquitous learning environment will let the learner and the teacher to present the knowledge another by using the material educational. 

The transition outstanding about the education 

-The guidance about learning under the concept whatever, whenever and wherever that it result from using Internet is easy to use and free

 -The smart phone become the important role about learning and using of the various media through Internet.

 -Having self-study that make the more experience, the more knowledge from learning and link to the concept whatever, whenever and wherever learning too. 

-Many educational institutions use new technologies for publish the knowledge by using thru some programs such as wiki, blog and the services from Internet. 

-The necessity to learning about how to use the new technologies for the way easy to access to the information. 

-Learning and sharing the experience on Flickr, Facebook or Twitter between the learner and the educator 

-The learner can chose learning according to their skills, knowledge, and experiences from opening of learning. 

-Having the program free that help the learner to make the experience and make the procession of learning as website khan academy. 

              -The development of the educator about the new knowledge and how to use the new technologies is necessary to the learner’s lifelong learning skill and easy to develop progressively. 

              -Using of the technology in the education is the new things that the teacher have to add and share the information to the online world.

Q4 what are the conclusions from “Predictions for e-Learning in 2011”?

The forecast of E-Learning in 2011 is concluded about

 1. Opening of the learning increase more and more that the learner can find the ways to make the experience and practice that they want to learn and they can chose the time, the place that they want too. 

2. Internet and E-Learning will be the important role about learning and working such as website from the government that help the learner and the worker to learn and to work easily. 

3. There is the appropriation of knowledge in the Internet as the result of more knowledge in Internet, then it is easy to apply and to use it. 

4. The knowledge and the information can be shared simply to each other from using Internet, so the development of knowledge will raise quickly. 

5. there are many new technologies that bring to use in learning such as the applications for learning in ‘’ app store ‘’, the video, the virtual classroom, Wikitude, Layar, ARToolkit or the smart board that more colleges or more universities bring this to use. 

TOPIC 3: Online Learning – Blended Learning

Questions: 

Q1 what are the focusing points of Online Learning? 

 “Online Learning” is as the freedom and unlimited learning world from via the Internet: we can choose our available place and time to learn (at anytime from anywhere) and as the center of learning oneself by technology. 

For focusing points of Online Learning, we can separate into 2 parts: learning and teaching. For learning, it is self-taught. The autodidacts can learn and search knowledge all the time and also share or exchange information, interests and opinion with each other. We can access and achieve quickly and various information and lessons, for example website, blog and e-learning program. There are many types of instruction: listening, speaking, reading and writing. The other side, for teaching, Online Learning is a resource of sharing knowledge and information about professional development and curriculum to be always up-to-date, as a resource of integration of many sciences such as technology. We can get information from free resources to download: lesson plans, classroom materials or Medias and activities. In addition, we can exchange knowledge and express opinion with each other as a teaching community. 

However, Online Learning won’t be perfect if there aren’t a good teaching online and a good way to learn. They have to be related. 

Q2 do they have benefits and limitations? What are they?

 Online Learning has benefits and limitations. The benefits of online learning are to be comfortable and free to learn, we can choose time and place that we need. So, it is a good way for practicing time management skills for being good study habits and being responsible. Additionally, it is an unlimited instruction, we can share, exchange knowledge and discuss with each other or work together about academic or career goals that becomes relationships in an online learning. Importantly, we can reach and achieve easily information which is up-to-date and can integrate knowledge with many subjects such as technology and culture that will be perfect learning. In the other side, the limitations, the first, it has to have more money for investment to make learning program. Next, we must have an intermediate: a computer and the Internet to access and achieve information. Online Learning won’t succeed if the instructor doesn’t understand students, can’t touch or observe directly about their reaction, intention and interests. Then, they can’t ask directly instructor. Finally, this educative way it emphasizes to learn more theory than practice or experiment. 

Q3 what are the key elements of the online program?

The key elements of the online program consist of 4 major components: the student, the curriculum, the facilitator and the technology. 

1. The students 

The online program was created for those who need an accelerated learning or those who have busy lives and cannot take part in the real classroom. That's why the students play important role in the online program due to the fact that it was designed for both students who are traditional and non-traditional students. In virtual classroom, the learners will be expected to be self-motivated, mature and open minded with any critical thinking and willing to work to produce 
the learning environment (written participation, expressing their ideas, accessing to the needed resources ,for example) which lead to creating synergy among the students and instructors.To be able to succeed in the virtual classroom system requires self-discipline, mastering time management and the understanding in learning objectives related to the course content which learners can apply to their personal goals including with good written skills and technological knowledge.

2. The curriculum 

The online curriculum was specially designed for short-term and in accordance with its nature along with the same standards and evaluation process as the degree program of university since it remains part of the academic curriculum. Online curriculum should develop learner's critical thinking skills and support learning by exchanging ideas among the students and instructors so that reducing the lectures and compensating with display the learner's opinions are a must. Online curriculum consist of 2 factors: process and outcomes. For the learning process, it must combine every aspect such as life, work, and educational experience for learners including creating a connection between course objectives and work experience, building team collaboration in which learners and instructors energetically work together. For the learning outcome, it must be reachable and allow learners to use them in daily life which is meeting their learning needs. The instructor is responsible for creating welcome environment in order to produce the collaboration through the virtual class which has significant meaning influencing students since the collaborative environment has impact on the learning outcome. 

3. The facilitator or the instructor 

As an important component of online course, the facilitators ' attitudes and personalities influence the tone of learning environment. If they are mind-supporting and positive, the students can comfort quickly in the virtual classroom. The instructor cannot use the traditional teaching with online course but he/she has to become a guide who connect the online learning with the student and manage the class to student centered-environment. Since the traditional teaching method doesn't work with online course, the instructor will manage the classroom differently for example monitoring 24hrs per/day classroom, providing the directions without controlling the class, creating up the educational and collaborative environment and dealing with the students who are adults and may require individual needs.

4. The technology 

The technology selected should be based on the need and learning objective. It also must be user friendly, reliable, accessible and affordable. The facilitator should be the first using particular technology and he/she must be comfortable with it before using it in the course. Before the class begin, the student may be required to participate in orientation to be used to the technology using in the course. Finally, technical support is needed because both student and instructor should be able to turn for help when technical issues occur. The success of 
online course depends on how well the technology system work. 

Q4 what is the new “Blended Learning”?

Blended learning is a formal education with some element student can control over time, place and pace. It combines traditional classroom method which is face to face and online. The instructors can teach through various interactive media such as TEL, CBI, CBT, CAI, IBT, WBT and VLE. It's not as simple as adding computers to the classroom because this style of learning requires the teachers and students involved. The teacher is no longer "knowledge distributor" but he/she will work as a facilitator who guide the learners toward the learning experience. On the other hand the student will be empowered to manage the class and give their opinions on the course content. The students will choose the course according to their individual needs so they can apply them to their daily lives. This non-traditional education require the learner's written skills to 
express their idea in virtual classroom, the collaboration among students and instructors, and the needed technology.